合同范文工作計(jì)劃范文工作總結(jié)范文合作方案范文日志日?qǐng)?bào)范文工作報(bào)告范文年終總結(jié)范文申請(qǐng)書(shū)范文通知書(shū)范文請(qǐng)假單范文活動(dòng)策劃范文活動(dòng)報(bào)道范文簡(jiǎn)歷范文委托書(shū)范文授權(quán)書(shū)范文論文范文簡(jiǎn)報(bào)范文志愿書(shū)
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文(精選5篇)
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文 第一篇
詳細(xì)的分析題目是不錯(cuò)的策略，但如果只是替換單詞的重復(fù)解釋，效果會(huì)適得其反。還記得老師講雅思小作文和大作文時(shí)，introduction的書(shū)寫(xiě)就是用相近詞來(lái)替換標(biāo)題中的單詞，再把語(yǔ)句結(jié)構(gòu)作調(diào)整，說(shuō)好聽(tīng)了是“應(yīng)試技巧”，難聽(tīng)了真是誤人子弟。
反面案例：
標(biāo)題：Drawing on the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, discuss the relationship between education and slavery in 19th-century America.
前言是：The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass discusses the relationship between education and slavery in 19th century America, showing how white control of education reinforced slavery and how Douglass and other enslaved African Americans viewed education while they endured. Moreover, the book discusses the role that education played in the acquisition of freedom. Education was a major force for social change with regard to slavery.
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文 第二篇
Use Statistics
你可以通過(guò)列出已證實(shí)的事實(shí)或有趣的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)作為“鉤子”。這些數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于讀者來(lái)說(shuō)可能聽(tīng)起來(lái)很難以置信，這些數(shù)據(jù)可以讓你的論文激發(fā)讀者想要讀下去的欲望，去了解更多的信息。
就像這個(gè)例子中: " According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, teens and young adults experience the highest rates of violent crime. "（根據(jù)美國(guó)司法統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，青少年和年輕人的暴力犯罪率最高。）
你的下一句話可以證明青少年在深夜上街是很危險(xiǎn)的。一個(gè)合適的論文陳述可能是：無(wú)論學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)?nèi)绾危改付加欣碛蓪?shí)施嚴(yán)格的宵禁。
03
開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山法
General statement
通過(guò)用獨(dú)特的論文陳述在開(kāi)場(chǎng)白中定下基調(diào)，這樣做的好處是你能切中要害。 比起含蓄地繞彎子，在英語(yǔ)學(xué)術(shù)論文中，大多數(shù)讀者都更欣賞這種方法。
例如，你開(kāi)頭第一句可以這樣寫(xiě)："Many studies show that the biological sleep pattern for teens shifts a few hours, which means teens naturally stay up later and feel alert later in the morning. "（許多研究表明，青少年的生物睡眠模式會(huì)在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)發(fā)生變化，這意味著青少年自然會(huì)晚起并在早上晚些時(shí)候感到警覺(jué)。）
下一句，你需要建立你的文章的主體，比如通過(guò)引入調(diào)整上學(xué)時(shí)間的概念，以便它們與青少年的自然睡眠或覺(jué)醒周期更加同步。至于最后一句話（論文）：如果每天上學(xué)都從十點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，很多學(xué)生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易集中注意力。
最后提醒第一次嘗試這種“鉤子法”的寫(xiě)作er們，可以盡量找出一些可能對(duì)你有用的事實(shí)或引用，多嘗試幾個(gè)不同的開(kāi)頭句，然后選擇一個(gè)最有趣的，最吸引人的，來(lái)作為你文章的開(kāi)頭。平時(shí)閱讀的時(shí)候也可以多積累，面對(duì)海量的寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候，就拿來(lái)就用，再也不愁提筆就不知道些什么啦！
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文 第三篇
有的同學(xué)喜歡把標(biāo)題中的幾個(gè)key word摘取出來(lái)，逐個(gè)做定義解釋。Come on，翻字典的活誰(shuí)都可以干，換點(diǎn)新鮮的？
如果能結(jié)合著自己的研究領(lǐng)域，賦予這些key word一些自己的定義理解，或者所找到的文獻(xiàn)中的定義理解，那就把所謂的“定義”變得更加有趣。#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#
反面案例：Webster’s dictionary defines slavery as “the state of being a slave,” as “the practice of owning slaves,” and as “a condition of hard work and subjection.”
留學(xué)生論文寫(xiě)作要如何寫(xiě)好前言和結(jié)語(yǔ)?(introduction&conclusion)
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文 第四篇
有趣的例子(An intriguing example)
例如：Douglass writes about a mistress who initially teaches him but then ceases her instruction as she learns more about slavery.
發(fā)人深省的引言(A provocative quotation)#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#
例如：Douglass writes that “education and slavery were incompatible with each other.”
名人警句有時(shí)候在學(xué)術(shù)文章中效果可能不是非常好，這種情況可以使用文獻(xiàn)中人物的引經(jīng)據(jù)典。
使人琢磨的情景(A puzzling scenario)
例如：Frederick Douglass says of slaves that “[N]othing has been left undone to cripple their intellects, darken their minds, debase their moral nature, obliterate all traces of their relationship to mankind; and yet how wonderfully they have sustained the mighty load of a most frightful bondage, under which they have been groaning for centuries!”
留學(xué)論文開(kāi)篇怎么寫(xiě)范文 第五篇
假設(shè)自己是讀者，看到標(biāo)題后腦中立即浮現(xiàn)哪些問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題即是introduction的思路方向，對(duì)于問(wèn)題的解答自然也就是introduction的內(nèi)容。
例如論文標(biāo)題：
Drawing on the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, discuss the relationship between education and slavery in 19th-century America.
心中產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)號(hào)，例如
- How did white control of education reinforce slavery?
- How did Douglass and other enslaved African Americans view education while they endured slavery?
- And what role did education play in the acquisition of freedom?
- Most importantly, consider the degree to which education was or was not a major force for social change with regard to slavery.